Template:Cite book

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This template is used to cite sources in Wikipedia. It is specifically for books. This template replaces the deprecated book reference.

Usage
All fields must be lowercase. Copy a blank version to use:
 * &lowast; The field listed below is a prerequisite for the field to the left. For example last is a prerequisite to first meaning first will NOT be displayed even if it has a value unless last also has a value.
 * &lowast;&lowast; Wikilinks MUST link to existing article, and can not be used if url is used below.
 * † This is the preferred field with its alternates listed
 * &Dagger; If chapterurl is provided then chapter can not have wikilinks.

Wikilinks
Most fields can be wikilinked (ie. title = book title ), but should generally only be linked to an existing Wikipedia article. Any wikilinked field must not contain any brackets apart from normal round brackets  &mdash; don't use.

Syntax (for the technical-minded)
Nested fields either rely on their parent fields, or replace them:
 * parent
 * child &mdash; may be used with parent (and is ignored if parent is not used)
 * OR: child2 &mdash; may be used instead of parent (and is ignored if parent is used)

Description

 * last: Surname of author. Don't wikilink (use authorlink instead).
 * first: First name(s) of author, including title(s) (eg. Firstname Middlename or Firstname M. or Dr. Firstname M., Snr.). Don't wikilink (use authorlink instead).
 * The `last' and `first' fields are poorly named for the case of an author whose surname is usually written first (e.g. as in Chinese). They also have the problem of only communicating which is the surname, not communicating where the surname is usually written.  Consider deprecating first,last fields, and reinstating author field, using the notation "Smith, John" or "Hu Ke Jie" as appropriate (i.e. always writing surname first, and using comma or not depending on whether the name is usually written surname last or first).
 * authorlink: Title of Wikipedia article about author. Article should already exist. Must not be wikilinked itself. Do not use this on its own, but along with "author" or "first" and "last".
 * coauthors: Full name of additional author or authors, surname last, separated by ", " (eg. Joe Bloggs, John F. Kennedy, H. R. Dent).
 * Someone please confirm that surname is to go last even for people whose name is usually written surname first. Consider rethinking this field, e.g. using Bloggs, Joe and Kennedy, John F. and Dent, H. R. and Hu Ke Jie.
 * OR: author: Full name of author, preferably surname first.
 * editor: Name of the editor/editors. No text is added, so labels such as "(ed.)" have to be supplied by the user.
 * others: For uses such as "illustrated by Smith" or "trans. Smith".
 * title: Title of book. This is the only required parameter. Can be wikilinked only to an existing Wikipedia article.
 * url: URL of an online book. Cannot be used if you wikilinked title.
 * format: Format, i.e. PDF. HTTP implied if not specified.
 * accessdate: Full date when item was accessed, in ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD format, eg. 2006-02-17. Required when url field is used. Must not be wikilinked.
 * OR: accessyear: Year when item was accessed, and accessmonth: Month when item was accessed. If you also have the day, use accessdate instead. Must not be wikilinked.
 * edition: When the book has more than one edition. eg: "2nd edition".
 * origdate: Full date of publication of original edition, in ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD format, eg. 2004-06-27. Must not be wikilinked.
 * OR: origyear: Year of publication of original edition, and origmonth: Month of publication of original edition. If you also have the day, use date instead. Must not be wikilinked.
 * date: Full date of publication, in ISO 8601 YYYY-MM-DD format, eg. 2006-02-17. Must not be wikilinked.
 * OR: year: Year of publication, and month: Name of the month of publication. If you also have the day, use date instead. Must not be wikilinked.
 * publisher: Publisher should not include corporate designation such is "Ltd" or "Inc".
 * location: Place of publication.
 * language: The language the book is written in, if it is not English.
 * id: Identifier such as  ISBN 1-111-22222-9  or  . Remember, you must specify the kind of identifier, not just give a number.
 * doi: digital object identifier. See also doi
 * pages:  5–7 : first page and optional last page. This is for listing the pages relevant to the citation, not the total number of pages in the book.
 * chapter: The chapter of the book, written in full. Punctuation other than quotes should be included in the value passed to the parameter, eg. chapter = Meet Dick and Jane. produces "Meet Dick and Jane." ahead of title.
 * chapterurl: URL of an individual chapter of online book. Should be at the same site as url, if any.
 * quote: Relevant quote from the book.

Examples

 * Just a title:




 * Year and title:




 * Basic usage:




 * Basic usage with url:




 * Three authors, title with a piped wikilink, edition




 * Date without day, wikilinked title and publisher, id




 * Date of first edition, other language, illustrator




 * Using a doi



Testing
See Template:cite book/regression tests.

Note
Note the extra full-stop when the last author ends with an initial, and there is no date: We don't know of a practical solution to this &mdash; unless there is a way to test the characters of a field?

Citation styles
Established citation styles for coauthors:


 * MLA style: Last, First and First Last. "If there are more than three authors, you may list only the first author followed by the phrase et al."
 * APA style: Last, F. & Last, F.
 * Chicago Manual of Style: Last, First, and First Last.
 * Turabian: same as Chicago Reference List, above.
 * Harvard: Last, F., Last, F. & Last, F.